Kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam bearings

Tuam Tshoj yog ib lub teb chaws uas tau tsim cov kabmob dov ua ntej hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cov qauv ntawm cov kabmob qag tau sau tseg rau hauv cov phau ntawv Suav thaum ub. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg thiab cov ntaub ntawv, Tuam Tshoj cov kabmob qub tshaj plaws nrog cov qauv ntawm cov qauv niaj hnub dov tau tshwm sim hauv 221-207 BC (Qin Dynasty) hauv Xuejiaya Village, Yongji County, Shanxi Xeev. Tom qab kev tsim tsa Tuam Tshoj Tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li xyoo 1970, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab qhib, kev lag luam kabmob tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev txhim kho sai.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, tus British C. Vallow tau tsim thiab tsim khoom Cov kabmob pob, thiab tau teeb tsa lawv rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom xa ntawv rau kev sim thiab British P. Worth tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau lub pob bearing. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, HR Hertz ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees tau luam tawm ib daim ntawv hais txog kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov pob bearings. Raws li Hertz cov kev ua tiav, R. Stribeck ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, A. Palmgren ntawm Sweden thiab lwm tus tau ua ntau qhov kev sim, thiab tau pab txhawb rau kev tsim cov qauv tsim ntawm cov bearings dov thiab kev suav ntawm lub neej qaug zog. Tom qab ntawd, NP Petrov ntawm Russia tau siv Newton txoj cai ntawm viscosity los xam cov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov kabmob.

O. Reynolds ntawm lub tebchaws United Kingdom tau ua ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas lej ntawm Thor qhov kev tshawb pom thiab tau txais Reynolds equation, uas tau tso lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm hydrodynamic lubrication. Daim ntawv thaum ntxov ntawm kev coj tus kheej linear yog ib kab ntawm cov ncej ntoo tso rau hauv qab lub phaj skid. Cov txheej txheem no yuav rov qab mus rau kev tsim ntawm Great Pyramid ntawm Giza, txawm hais tias tsis muaj pov thawj meej txog qhov no. Cov kabmob linear motion niaj hnub no siv tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm, tab sis qee zaum siv lub pob hloov chaw ntawm lub menyuamCov kabmob uas tau dov thiab dov thaum ub yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum, sapphire, lossis iav kuj siv tau, thiab hlau, tooj liab, lwm yam hlau, thiab yas (xws li nylon, bakelite, Teflon, thiab UHMWPE) feem ntau siv.

Cov kabmob uas tig tau yog qhov xav tau rau ntau yam kev siv, txij li cov log hnyav thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuab mus rau cov khoom siv saib xyuas kom raug. Hom kabmob uas tig tau yooj yim tshaj plaws yog cov kabmob bushing, uas tsuas yog ib lub bushing uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub log thiab lub qag. Tom qab ntawd, cov qauv no tau hloov los ntawm cov kabmob dov, uas hloov cov bushing qub nrog ntau lub cylindrical rollers, txhua tus ua haujlwm zoo li lub log sib cais. Thawj cov kabmob dov uas siv tau nrog lub tawb tau tsim los ntawm tus kws ua moos John Harrison hauv xyoo 1760 rau kev tsim cov H3 chronograph.

Ib qho piv txwv thaum ntxov ntawm lub pob bearing tau pom ntawm lub nkoj Roman thaum ub uas pom hauv Lake Nami, Ltalis. Lub pob bearing ntoo no yog siv los txhawb lub rooj saum toj uas tig tau. Lub nkoj tau tsim tsa xyoo 40 BC. Leonardo Da Vinci tau hais tias tau piav qhia txog ib hom pob bearing nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1500. Ntawm ntau yam tsis paub tab ntawm cov pob bearings, ib qho tseem ceeb heev yog tias yuav muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov pob, ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam ntxiv. Tab sis qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev muab lub pob tso rau hauv lub tawb.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, Galileo Galilea tau piav qhia txog "fixed ball", lossis "cage ball" ball bearings thaum ntxov tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev tom qab ntawd, kev teeb tsa cov bearings ntawm lub tshuab tsis tau ua tiav. Daim ntawv pov thawj thawj zaug rau lub pob ditch tau tso cai los ntawm Philip Vaughan ntawm Carmarthen hauv xyoo 1794.

Xyoo 1883, Friedrich Fischer tau tawm tswv yim txog kev siv lub tshuab tsim khoom tsim nyog los sib tsoo cov pob hlau uas muaj tib qhov loj me thiab nrog qhov sib npaug zoo. Qhov no tau tso lub hauv paus rau kev tsim kev lag luam bearing ywj pheej. "Fischers Automatische Guß Cov tsiaj ntawv pib stahlkugelfabrik lossis Fischer Aktien-Gesellschaft tau dhau los ua lub cim lag luam, sau npe rau hnub tim 29 Lub Xya Hli 1905.

Xyoo 1962, lub cim lag luam FAG tau hloov kho thiab tseem siv niaj hnub no, los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub tuam txhab xyoo 1979.

Xyoo 1895, Henry Timken tau tsim thawj lub tapered roller bearing, uas nws tau patented peb xyoos tom qab thiab tau tsim Timken.

Xyoo 1907, Sven Winqvist ntawm lub Hoobkas SKF Bearing tau tsim thawj lub pob bearings niaj hnub uas sib dhos tau.

Cov kabmob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab nws qhov tseeb, kev ua tau zoo, lub neej thiab kev ntseeg siab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov tseeb, kev ua tau zoo, lub neej thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm tus tswv tsev. Hauv cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov kabmob yog cov khoom siv siab, tsis yog tsuas yog xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntawm lej, physics thiab ntau lwm yam kev kawm xwb, tab sis kuj xav tau kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv, kev siv tshuab kho cua sov, kev siv tshuab ua kom raug thiab kev ntsuas, kev siv tshuab tswj lej thiab cov txheej txheem lej zoo thiab kev siv tshuab computer muaj zog thiab ntau lwm yam kev kawm los pab, yog li cov kabmob yog tus sawv cev ntawm lub teb chaws lub zog ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom.

Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, cov tuam txhab lag luam thoob ntiaj teb tau nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam bearing hauv Suav teb thiab tsim cov chaw tsim khoom, xws li Sweden SKF Group, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees Schaeffler Group, Tebchaws Meskas Timken Company, Nyiv NSK Company, NTN Company thiab lwm yam. Cov tuam txhab no tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb, lawv vam khom qhov zoo ntawm hom, khoom siv, thev naus laus zis, peev thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm kev tsim khoom, thiab cov tuam txhab bearing hauv tsev tau pib sib tw hnyav. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam bearing, cov qauv khoom ntawm lub tes tsho ncej yuav hloov pauv, qhov sib piv ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam siab hauv cov khoom yuav nce ntxiv, tus nqi muag khoom kuj yuav nce ntxiv, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim khoom bearing yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb rau kev tsim khoom thiab muag khoom bearing.

Nrog rau kev sib tw ua lag luam hauv kev lag luam tsim cov kabmob uas muaj zog zuj zus, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yuav khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm peev txheej ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim cov kabmob loj tau dhau los ua ntau dua, thiab cov tuam txhab tsim cov kabmob zoo hauv tsev tau them sai dua rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kawm tob txog kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab cov neeg yuav khoom. Vim li no, ntau lub npe lag luam tsim cov kabmob zoo hauv tsev tau nce sai thiab maj mam dhau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam tsim cov kabmob!