Imiterere n'imikoreshereze y'ubwoko 14 bw'ibipimo by'ingufu byasesenguwe neza

Ingufu zo guterura ni ingenzi mu bikoresho bya mekanike, umurimo w'ingenzi ni ugushyigikira umubiri uzenguruka, kugabanya ingano y'ubushyuhe mu nzira yo kohereza. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyira mu byiciro, ingufu zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwinshi. Ibi bikurikira ni imiterere, itandukaniro n'imikoreshereze y'ingufu 14 zisanzwe:

1. Guhuza impande Uburyo bwo guterura umupira
Ibiranga: Hari inguni ihuza impande n'umupira, inguni isanzwe ihuza impande ni 15°, 30° na 40°, uko inguni ihuza impande ni ko ubushobozi bwo gupima impande buba bwinshi, ni ko inguni ihuza impande ari nto, ni ko birushaho kuba byiza mu kuzenguruka kw'umuvuduko mwinshi. Inguni imwe ishobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa radial n'umutwaro wa axial ugana mu cyerekezo kimwe.

Porogaramu: Inkingi imwe yo gusimbuza ibikoresho by'imashini, moteri ifite frequency nyinshi, turbine ya gaze, nibindi. Umurongo w'imirongo ibiri yo gupompa amavuta, Roots blower, nibindi.

2. Guhuza umupira w'imbere
Ibiranga: Imipira y'icyuma iri ku murongo ubiri, inzira y'imbere y'uruziga ni ubwoko bw'uruziga rw'imbere, bushobora guhindura mu buryo bwikora ikosa ry'umurongo riterwa no guhindagurika k'umugozi cyangwa umutima utandukanye w'igishishwa. Ibyuma bito bishobora gushyirwa ku mugozi byoroshye hakoreshejwe ibifunga ndetse ahanini n'imitwaro ya radial y'imbeba.

Ikoreshwa: imashini zikora imbaho, umugozi w'imashini zikora imyenda, icyuma gifata intebe gihagaze neza, n'ibindi.

3. Kwishyira hamwe icyuma gifata imizinga
Ibiranga: Hari utuzingo tw’uruziga hagati y’impeta y’inyuma y’inzira y’urujya n’uruza rw’imbere rw’inzira y’urujya n’uruza rw’inzira ebyiri, dugabanyijemo ubwoko bune bwa R, RH, RHA na SR hakurikijwe imiterere y’imbere. Kubera ko uruziga rw’uruziga rw’inzira y’urujya n’uruza rw’impeta rujyanye n’aho ruhagarara, rufite imikorere yo kuringaniza, kandi rushobora guhindura mu buryo bwikora ikosa ry’umurongo riterwa no guhindagurika k’umugozi cyangwa ikigo cyangwa amashami atandukanye, kandi rushobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa radial n’umutwaro wa axial w’inzira ebyiri.

Ikoreshwa: imashini zikora impapuro, imashini igabanya umuvuduko, umugozi w'imodoka za gari ya moshi, n'ibindi.

4. Ibyuma bizingira ku giti cyabyo byihuza n'imashini
Ibiranga: Imiterere y’uruziga ishingiye ku ruziga, ubuso bw’inzira yo kugenderaho ni uruziga, bufite imikorere ihamye, bigatuma umugozi ugira uburyo bwinshi bwo kumanuka, ubushobozi bwo kumanuka ni bunini cyane, kandi mu buryo bwo kumanuka bushobora no kwihanganira uburyo bwinshi bwo kumanuka.

Porogaramu: moteri y'amazi, moteri ihagaze, n'ibindi.

5. Ibyuma birebire bifite umugozi ugororotse
Ibiranga: Ifite akazu k'ameza gafite uruziga, akazu kayoborwa n'inkombe nini y'imbere y'uruziga, igishushanyo mbonera gituma ubuso bw'inzira y'imbere y'uruziga, ubuso bw'inzira y'uruziga rw'inyuma n'agace k'uruziga bihurira ku murongo wo hagati w'uruziga. Agazu k'umurongo umwe gashobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa radial n'umutwaro wa axial ugororotse, agazu k'umurongo ubiri gashobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa radial n'umutwaro wa axial ugororotse.

Porogaramu: Ipine y'imbere y'imodoka, ipine y'inyuma, ipine ya transmission, n'ibindi.

6. Umupira w'imbere urimo umuyoboro munini
Ibiranga: Buri ruziga rw'umupira w'umuyoboro munini ku nyubako rufite inzira ikomeza yo gusimbuka ifite igice cya gatatu cy'umuzenguruko w'umupira. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutwara umutwaro wa radial, ishobora no gutwara umutwaro runaka wa axial. Iyo uburebure bwa radial bw'umupira w'umuyoboro bwiyongere, ifite imiterere nk'iy'umupira w'umuyoboro wa angular kandi ishobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa axial usimburana mu byerekezo bibiri.

Porogaramu: imodoka, traktori, igikoresho cy'imashini, n'ibindi.

7. Umupira wo guterura (Thrust ball bearing)
Ibiranga: Igizwe n'impeta y'umuhanda w'amagare ifite inzira y'amagare n'aho umupira n'akazu bihurira. Impeta y'umuhanda w'amagare ihuye n'umugozi yitwa impeta y'umugozi, naho impeta y'umuhanda w'amagare ihuye n'igikonoshwa yitwa impeta y'intebe. Impeta z'inzira ebyiri zihuzwa n'umugozi w'ibanga w'impeta yo hagati, impeta z'inzira imwe zishobora kwihanganira umutwaro w'umurongo umwe, naho impeta z'inzira ebyiri zishobora kwihanganira umutwaro w'umurongo umwe (zombi ntizishobora kwihanganira umutwaro wa radial).

Porogaramu: icyuma gikoresha icyuma gitera imodoka, icyuma gikoresha imashini, nibindi.

8. Ingano y'umuzingo wo gushyiramo ibintu ku murongo
Ibiranga: Ikoreshwa mu gutwara umutwaro w'umugongo w'umugozi mukuru, umutwaro uhujwe, ariko umutwaro w'uburebure ntugomba kurenza 55% by'umutwaro w'umugongo. Ugereranyije n'izindi feri zo gukurura, ubwo bwoko bw'umutwaro bufite ubushobozi bwo kugongana ku rugero ruto, umuvuduko wo hejuru n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza. Umutwaro w'umutwaro wo mu bwoko bwa 29000 ni umutwaro ugororotse, ushobora kugabanya uburyo inkoni n'inzira yo kuzamukaho ibyuma binyeganyega mu kazi.

Ikoreshwa: moteri y'amazi, imashini ikoresha icyuma gikurura imirasire, n'ibindi.

9. Ibyuma bizunguruka bifite uruziga rwa Cylindrical
Ibiranga: Umuzingo w'umuzingo uzunguruka usanzwe uyoborwa n'impande ebyiri z'umurinzi w'impeta yo gutwara, kandi umuzingo w'akazu n'impeta iyobora bihuza, bishobora gutandukanywa n'indi mpeta yo gutwara kandi bikaba ibya wa muzingo ushobora gutandukana. Gushyiraho no gusenya biroroha cyane, cyane cyane iyo impeta z'imbere n'iz'inyuma zisabwa kugira ngo zihuze n'umugozi n'aho utuye. Utu duce duto dukoreshwa gusa mu gutwara imizigo ya radial, kandi uduce duto tw'umurongo umwe gusa dufite impeta z'imbere n'iz'inyuma n'izirinda dushobora gutwara imizigo mito ihoraho cyangwa imizigo minini ihoraho.

Ikoreshwa: moteri nini, imashini ikora ibikoresho, nibindi.