Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya grafiti

Ibikoresho bya grafiti bishobora kurekura imirasire ya infrared kure nyuma yo gushyuha.

Amatafari ya manyeziyumu-karubone. Iterambere rya manyeziyumu-karubone ni ryo rikoreshwa hagati mu gihe, ryakozwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, inganda z’Abayapani zikora ibyuma zatangiye gukoresha amatafari ya manyeziyumu-karubone mu gukonjesha amazi mu itanura rishongesha. Amatafari ya manyeziyumu-karubone yakoreshejwe cyane mu gukora ibyuma ku isi yose kandi yabaye ikoreshwa rya graphite gakondo. Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka icumi, amatafari ya manyeziyumu-karubone yatangiye gukoreshwa mu gushyiramo icyuma gihindura umwuka wa ogisijeni hejuru.

Ibikoresho birwanya karuboni bya aluminiyumu bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gucukura bihoraho, gupfuka umuyoboro w’icyuma gifunga icyuma gifunga, umuyoboro wo munsi y’amazi n’icyuma gicukura amavuta. Icyuma gikorerwa mu gucukura bihoraho mu Buyapani kirenga umusaruro wose.

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutwika n'ibindi bifitanye isano bikozwe mu gushushanya icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa grafiti n'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa refractory n'ibindi bifitanye isano, nk'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa crucible, icupa ry'ijosi rigongamye, agakoresho n'umunwa, nibindi, bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuriro mwinshi, ubushyuhe buke, icyuma gishongeshwa, icyuma cyinjiramo n'isuri nabyo birahamye, ubushyuhe burahindagurika neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi kandi bitwara neza cyane. Kubwibyo, icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa grafiti n'ibindi bifitanye isano nacyo bikoreshwa cyane mu gushonga kw'icyuma mu buryo butaziguye. Igikoresho gikozwe mu ibumba rya grafiti gikozwe mu buryo bwa karuboni buruta icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa graphite, ubusanzwe igipimo cya grafiti kigomba kuba kinini kuruta mesh (- screen), kandi iterambere ry'ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora icyuma gikozwe mu mahanga ni uko ubwoko bwa grafiti bukoreshwa, ingano n'ubwiza bw'icyuma bifite ubushobozi bworoshye bugakurikirwa no gukoresha icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa silicon carbide aho gukoresha icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa graphite isanzwe mu ibumba. Ibi biterwa no gushyira ikoranabuhanga rihoraho mu nganda zikora ibyuma. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rihoraho ryo gushyushya igitutu bishobora kandi gutuma grafiti nto ishobora gukoreshwa, mu gice cy’ibumba cya grafiti, no mu gice cy’ibumba cya silicon carbide, ingano y’ibice binini ibarwa gusa, kandi ingano ya karuboni ya grafiti igabanuka ikagera kuri.

gukora ibyuma

Graphite n'ibindi bikoresho by'umwanda bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibinyabutabire mu nganda zikora ibyuma. Carburizing ikoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya karubone, birimo graphite y'ubukorano, coke ya peteroli, coke ya metallurgike na graphite karemano. Graphite iracyari imwe mu mikoreshereze ikomeye ya graphite isa n'isi ku isi.

Ibikoresho biyobora amashanyarazi

Graphite ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z'amashanyarazi nka electrode, brushes, carbon rods, carbone tubes, mercure rectifiers, graphite gaskets, terefone, televiziyo picture tube coating n'ibindi. Muri byo, electrode ya graphite niyo ikoreshwa cyane, mu gushonga ibyuma bitandukanye, ibyuma, gukoresha electrode ya graphite, hanyuma umuriro ukomeye unyura muri electrode ukagera mu gace gashongeshwamo itanura, bigatuma ingufu z'amashanyarazi ziyongera kugeza hafi, kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yo gushonga cyangwa gukora. Byongeye kandi, iyo electrolyze ya magnesium, aluminiyumu na sodium bikoreshwa na electrode ya electrolytic. Graphite electrode ikoreshwa kandi nk'igikoresho gitwara umuriro w'itanura mu gukora amatanura arwanya abrasive. Graphite ikoreshwa mu nganda z'amashanyarazi ifite ibisabwa byinshi ku bunini bw'uduce n'urwego. Nk'amabateri ya alkaline n'ibindi bicuruzwa byihariye bya karuboni by'amashanyarazi, ingano y'uduce twa graphite irasabwa kugenzurwa mu rwego rw'umushinga, urwego ruri hejuru, kandi imyanda yangiza (cyane cyane icyuma) irasabwa kuba munsi. Graphite ikoreshwa mu muyoboro w'amashusho ya televiziyo ifite ibisabwa bikurikira ku bunini bw'uduce. Graphite ikunze gukoreshwa nk'amavuta yo kwisiga mu nganda z'imashini. Amavuta yo kwisiga akenshi ntashobora gukoreshwa mu muvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiterere y'umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi ibikoresho birwanya kwangirika kwa graphite bishobora gukora nta mavuta yo kwisiga ku bushyuhe no ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane. Ibikoresho byinshi byo gutwara ibintu byangiza, ibikoresho bya graphite bikoreshwa cyane bikozwe mu mpeta za piston, ibifunga n'ibyuma, iyo bikoresha, ntibikenera kongeramo amavuta yo kwisiga, amata ya graphite nayo ni amavuta meza yo gutunganya ibyuma byinshi (gushushanya insinga, gushushanya imiyoboro).

Ibikoresho birwanya ingese

Graphite ifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka neza mu binyabutabire. Graphite itunganyijwe ku buryo bwihariye ifite imiterere yo kudahinduka, gutwara neza ubushyuhe no kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe, ibigega bya reaction, condenser, iminara yo gutwika, iminara yo kwinjizamo ubushyuhe, ibyuma bikonjesha, ibyuma bishyushya, ibyuma biyungurura, ipompo n'ibindi bikoresho. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa mu bushyuhe, hydrometallurgy, aside na alkali, fibre sintetike, impapuro n'izindi nganda, bishobora kuzigama ibikoresho byinshi by'icyuma. 0 Mu gucukura, gusya, gukanda no gukoresha ibyuma bishyuha cyane bitewe n'uburyo graphite ntoya yo kwaguka, n'ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubukonje n'ubushyuhe, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikirahure, nyuma yo gukoresha graphite, ibyuma byirabura byafashwe ingano nyayo, ubuso bworoshye, umusaruro mwinshi, bishobora gukoreshwa bidatunganyijwe cyangwa ngo bitunganywe gato, bityo bikarinda ibyuma byinshi. Gukora carbide n'izindi nzira zo gukora metallurgy y'ifu, ubusanzwe bikorwa mu bikoresho bya graphite kugira ngo birwanye igitutu cyo gushyuha kw'ubwato. Imashini ikuramo kristale ya silikoni ikoresheje kristale imwe, ubwato bwo gutunganya ibintu mu karere, inkingi, ibikoresho, icyuma gishyushya, nibindi, bitunganywa hakoreshejwe graphite nziza cyane. Byongeye kandi, grafiti ishobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'isahani yo gukingira icyuma gikoresha icyuma gishyushya, umuyoboro w'itanura urwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, inkoni, isahani, grid n'ibindi bice.

Ingufu za atomiki

Graphite ifite imikorere myiza yo kugabanya umuvuduko wa neutron, iya mbere nk'igikoresho gikoreshwa muri reactor za atome, reactor ya uranium-graphite ni reactor ya atome ikoreshwa cyane. Nk'imbaraga zo kugabanya umuvuduko wa atome zigomba kugira aho zishongesha cyane, zihamye, zirwanya ingese, graphite ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru. Ubuziranenge bwa graphite ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cya atome ni bwinshi cyane, kandi ingano y'umwanda ntigomba kurenza mirongo (igice kimwe kuri miliyoni), cyane cyane ingano ya boron igomba kuba munsi ya.

Ibikoresho birwanya umwanda no kurwanya ingese

Graphite ishobora gukumira kwangirika kwa boiler, ibizamini by’ishami bireba bigaragaza ko kongeramo ingano runaka y’ifu ya graphite mu mazi (hafi kuri toni imwe y’amazi) bishobora gukumira kwangirika ku buso bwa boiler. Byongeye kandi, graphite ikoreshwa ku byuma bitanga umwotsi, ibisenge, ibiraro, imiyoboro ishobora kurwanya ingese no kurwanya ingese.

Izindi ngaruka

Bitewe n'iterambere rikomeje rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga, abantu bavumbuye uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha grafiti. Ibikoresho bya grafiti byoroshye. Grafiti yoroshye, izwi kandi nka grafiti yagutse, ni ibicuruzwa bishya bya grafiti byakozwe mu myaka ya 1990. Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zakoze ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho byoroshye byo gufunga grafiti kugira ngo bikemure ikibazo cyo kuva kw'ingufu za atome, hanyuma Ubudage, Ubuyapani n'Ubufaransa nabyo byatangiye guteza imbere no gutanga umusaruro. Uretse imiterere ya grafiti karemano, iki gikoresho gifite ubworoherane bwihariye n'ubudahangarwa. Kubwibyo, ni ibikoresho byiza byo gufunga. Bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora peteroli, ingufu za atomike n'izindi nganda. Ubukene bw'isoko mpuzamahanga buriyongera uko umwaka utashye.

Ibikoresho bisukuye cyane bikoreshwa mu gushongesha ibyuma bisukuye cyane, mu nganda z'ikoranabuhanga, mu nganda za kirimbuzi no mu nganda zikora ibumba; Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gikoresho cy'amashanyarazi cya aluminiyumu, mu itanura ricukura ibyuma bikozwe mu ifu, mu itanura rya ferroalloy n'ibindi bikoresho by'amabuye y'agaciro.

Isosiyete yacu ishobora guha abakiriya ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bya grafiti by'imashini, murakaza neza gutanga ibishushanyo byihariye. Vuba aha, isosiyete yacu yatanze ibikoresho bya grafiti by'imashini byihariye ku bakiriya ba kera, hakurikijwe ibishushanyo n'ibisabwa n'abakiriya ba kera, ubwiza n'ingano, byuzuzwa ku gihe kandi bigatangwa nk'uko byari byasezeranijwe, twizeye ko tuzagirira icyizere abakiriya benshi binyuze mu bunyamwuga bwacu n'ubunyangamugayo bwacu.