Amakuru

Imashini ifata icyuma, igice cy'ingenzi cya mekanike, ni imashini ifata icyuma ishyirwa ku giti. Inshingano yayo y'ingenzi ni ugushyigikira umugozi no kugabanya cyane ingano y'ubushyuhe. Ikozwe ahanini mu byuma kandi ishobora kwihuza n'ibidukikije bigoye nko ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi no gukoresha neza cyane. Imashini ifata icyuma ntigabanya gusa ubuso bw'aho umugozi uhurira n'icyuma cyo hanze, bityo bigagabanya kwangirika k'umugozi, ahubwo inanongera cyane igihe cyo gukora cy'umugozi. Byongeye kandi, hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imashini ifata icyuma.

Itsinda Ibyuma bizunguruka Inzu ni ubwoko bw'inzu nini kandi nini cyane ifite imiterere yihariye ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro myinshi. Ifite imiterere mito, izunguruka neza, kandi yoroshye kuyishyiraho no kuyibungabunga. Aho hari ibyuma bifasha, hagomba kuba hari ingingo zishyigikira. Aho imbere hashyigikiwe icyuma ni umugozi, naho inyuma niho hakunze kumenyekana nk'icyuma gifasha.

Ibyiza n'ibibi by'urushinge ikizingo amaberani

Abakoresha bahora binubira igihe cy'akazi k'ama-bearings, ariko 80% by'ama-bearings ananirwa vuba bitewe no gushyirwaho nabi. Gushyiraho neza ama-bearings ntibishobora kongera igihe cyazo cyo gukora no kugabanya ikiguzi, ahubwo binatuma umusaruro uba mwiza cyane.

Ibyuma binini bikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bya mekanike. Inshingano yabyo nyamukuru ni ugushyigikira ibice by'imashini bizenguruka, kugabanya ingano y'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kugenda kwabyo, no kwemeza ko bizunguruka neza. Uburyo bwo kumenya aho ibyuma bishyirwa inyuma ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ikoreshwa neza kandi ibungabungwe neza. Ibi bikurikira bizatanga intangiriro irambuye ku buryo bwo kumenya aho ibyuma bishyirwa neza n'aho bishyirwa inyuma.

Ibyuma bizunguruka by’umusarani, nk'ibice by'ingenzi bya sisitemu za mekanike, bishingiye ku kubungabunga neza igihe cyose bimara kandi bigatanga umusaruro. Uburyo bukurikira bwo kubungabunga bukorwa intambwe ku yindi hashingiwe ku mahame ngenderwaho y’inganda, bukubiyemo gutegura isuku no kugenzura, gushyiraho amavuta yo kwisiga, no gukurikirana nyuma kugira ngo harebwe ko ibyuma bizunguruka bikomeza gukora neza mu gihe cy’akazi gakomeye.

Mu musaruro w’inganda n’imikorere ya mekanike, ibyuma bifunga, nk'ibice by'ingenzi, bifitanye isano itaziguye n'igihe gihamye n'igihe gikwiye cyo gukora ibikoresho. Niba ubwiza bwa ibyuma bifunga butari ku rwego rwo hejuru, ntibizagira ingaruka gusa ku mikorere y’ibikoresho, ahubwo bishobora no guteza igihombo mu bukungu nko guhagarika umusaruro no kubungabunga. None se, ni gute umuntu yamenya ubwiza bwa ibyuma bifunga? Mu nkuru y'uyu munsi, reka tugire ikiganiro gishingiye ku buryo buhamye.

Umugozi ukomeye wa aluminiyumu ukozwe muri anodized alloy ni woroshye kandi urwanya ingese. Icyuma kitagira umugese gifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo gusukura umunyu. Ubukana bwinshi bwa 4 bukwiriye imigozi y'umupira. Fibre ya karuboni yujuje ibisabwa byoroshye cyane kandi bikomeye. Iyi nkuru isobanura neza imiterere itanu y'ingenzi y'umugozi kugira ngo igufashe guhuza neza n'ibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye.

Iyo utangiye gushakisha amayobera y’imirongo y’ubugari, ushobora gusanga abakora ibikoresho bitandukanye batanga ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho byo mu mfuruka. Ibikoresho by’ibirango byinshi byo mu mfuruka birimo imiyoboro ikomeye ya aluminiyumu, imiyoboro y’icyuma ikomera, ibikoresho bitandukanye by’icyuma kitagira umugese, na fibre ya karuboni, nibindi. Ufite amahitamo menshi, ushobora kumva utazi: Ni gute watangira guhitamo igihe utangiye umushinga mushya? Ntugahangayike. Iyi nkuru izaguha isesengura rirambuye ry’imiterere ya buri gikoresho cyo mu mfuruka kandi ikuhe ubuyobozi bwo guhitamo mu buryo burambuye kandi busobanutse.

Muri icyo gihe, tuzanavuga uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiramo imipira kuri ibyo bikoresho by'imigozi kugira ngo uhuze n'ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye muri uwo mushinga.

Mbere na mbere, reka turebere hamwe imiterere yihariye y'umugozi ukomeye wa aluminiyumu (6060-T66).

Ibyuma bya Ceramic birwanya ingese, birwanya ubushyuhe kandi byoroheje, bigatuma bibera ahantu habi cyane. Ibyuma bya Ceramic birwanya ingese cyane kandi bihendutse, kandi biberanye n'imikorere rusange. Hitamo ukurikije uburyo ibikoresho bikoreshwa kugira ngo wongere imikorere n'igihe bimara.

Mu bikoresho bya mekanike, guhitamo ibyuma bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'igihe byakoreshejwe. Ibikoresho bifata ceramic na steel stainless bearing, nk'ubwoko bubiri busanzwe, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yacyo itandukanye. Gusobanukirwa ibyiza n'ibibi byacyo ni ingirakamaro mu gufata amahitamo akwiye mu bihe bitandukanye byo gukoreshwa.

Abakoresha bahora binubira igihe cy'akazi k'ama-bearings, ariko 80% by'ama-bearings ananirwa vuba bitewe no gushyirwaho nabi. Gushyiraho neza ama-bearings ntibishobora kongera igihe cyazo cyo gukora no kugabanya ikiguzi, ahubwo binatuma umusaruro uba mwiza cyane.

Nkuko bizwi, bearingers ubwazo ni ibice bikoreshwa mu gushyigikira ndetse n'ibice bikoreshwa mu gushyigikira kuzunguruka ku migozi. Bearingers zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere yazo yo gukururana mu migozi igenda ihindagurika n'imigozi izunguruka. Dukurikije icyerekezo cy'umutwaro zikoreye, hari bearingers za radial, bearingers za thrust, na bearingers za radial, nibindi.