Me pēhea te whiriwhiri tika i ngā rauemi peera
I roto i te hoahoa mīhini, ko ngā peera, hei wāhanga matua o te tuku, ko tā rātou whiriwhiri rauemi te mea e whakatau tika ana i te mahi, te roa o te ora me te pono o te taputapu. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga ngā kaupapa matua o te whiriwhiri rauemi peera mai i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā whakaritenga rauemi, ngā mātāpono whiriwhiri, ngā tikanga, ngā paerewa, me te tātari take, ā, ka tūhuratia hoki ngā hua o te whiriwhiri rauemi hē hei āwhina i ngā kaihangarau me ngā kaimahi ahumahi ki te arotau i ā rātou rautaki whiriwhiri.
Ngā Whakaritenga Taketake mō ngā Rauemi Whawhai
Me tutuki i ngā rauemi peera ngā tohu mahi maha-ahu hei whakarite kia pumau te mahi i raro i ngā tikanga mahi uaua:
1. He tino parakore, he iti hoki te ihirangi hau
Ka taea e ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa (pērā i ngā waikura me ngā nitride) i roto i te maitai peera te whakararu i te kukū o te ahotea, ka arahi ki te pakaru o te ngenge, ki ngā kapiti moroiti rānei. Ka whakaitihia e te hangarau whakarewa hou te ihirangi hāora ki raro iho i te 10ppm mā te tango waikura korehau me te whakamahine tuarua, ka whakapai ake i te roa o te ora o te rauemi.
2. Te hanganga matū ōrite me te tohatoha carbide
Ka taea e ngā warowaihā wai, ngā warowaihā here me ngā warowaihā whatunga te whakaiti i te roa o te ora o ngā rauemi. Hei tauira, ina tae te whakatauranga warowaihā here ki te taumata 3 ki te 4, ka whakaitihia te roa o te ora mā te 30%.
3. Te pakeke me te ātete kakahu
Me eke te pakeke o te maitai waro-teitei e mau ana i te chromium (pērā i te GCr15) ki te HRc61 ki te 65 kia tu atu ai i ngā kawenga teitei me te waku tere.
4. Te pumau o te āhua me te mahi wera
Me iti te tauwehenga o te whānui wera o te rauemi, me pai hoki te kawe wera hei ārai i te rerekētanga i ngā pāmahana teitei. Ka taea e te maitai e ātete ana ki te wera (pēnei i te Cr4Mo4V) te urutau ki ngā taiao neke atu i te 250℃.
5. Ātete ki te waikura
He pai te kowiri tira (pērā i te 440C) me ngā rauemi uku mō ngā taiao waikura, pērā i ngā taputapu matū, i ngā papaaho tai rānei.
Ngā Mātāpono mō te Kōwhiri i ngā Rauemi Peera
1. Te kaupapa taurite mahi
Kōwhiria ngā rauemi i runga i ngā āhuatanga mahi pēnei i te kawenga, te tere hurihuri me te pāmahana. Hei tauira:
Kawenga pānga nui: Ka whakarei ake te maitai peera waro (pērā i te 20CrNiMo) i te ātete pānga mā te whakapakeketanga o te mata.
Taiao pāmahana teitei: Ka taea e te maitai ātete wera (pēnei i te M50) me te uku (pēnei i te Si3N4) te tu atu i ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 300℃.
2. Te mātāpono ōhanga
Whakatauritea te utu me te mahi a ngā rauemi. Hei tauira, he pai ake te GCr15 i ngā uku utu nui mō ngā āhuatanga mahi noa.
3. Te kaupapa pono
Me whakaoti e ngā rauemi ngā whakamātautau tino pakari (pēnei i te whakatauranga parakore me te ōritetanga o te carbide) kia mau ai te mahi mō te wā roa.
4. Te mātāpono o te oranga tonutanga
Whakanuia te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi hangarua (pēnei i te maitai) me ngā tukanga iti te whakapaunga pūngao (pēnei i te whakarewa korehau) hei whakaiti i te taumahatanga taiao.
Ngā Tikanga me ngā Paerewa mō te Kōwhiri i ngā Rauemi Peera
1. Te tukanga whiriwhiri rauemi i runga i ngā tikanga mahi
Hipanga 1: Whakamāramahia ngā tikanga mahi
Tae atu ki te momo kawenga (pūmau/hihiri), te tere hurihuri, te awhe pāmahana, te tikanga whakahinuhinu me te taiao.
Hipanga 2: Tauritehia ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi
Tere-tere, māmā-upoko: Ka whakaitihia te waku e ngā kēke kirihou (pērā i te nairona 66 kua whakapakaritia).
Rino taumaha-kaha-pānga: Rino waro-waenga, rino ātete-pānga waro-waenga rānei (pērā i te G20CrNi2Mo).
Hipanga 3: Manatokohia ngā paerewa rauemi
Tirohia ngā paerewa ā-motu (pēnei i te GB/T 3203) me ngā paerewa o te ao (pēnei i te ISO 683-17) kia mōhio ai kei te tutuki i te pakeketanga me te parakoretanga o ngā rauemi ngā paerewa.
2. Ngā paerewa taupū mahi matua
Me whakamahi te tikanga kimi i te taupū
Ko te whakamātautau pakeke o Rockwell mō ngā mowhiti maitai GCr15 he HRc61 ki te 65.
Te nui o te hāora ≤10ppm (mō te maitai kounga teitei) te tikanga rewa hau korekore
Ngā tohu kāpira: te taumata roopu ≤2, te taumata whatunga ≤2.5. Te tātaritanga karuārai whakarewa
Tātari Take: Te Kōwhiri i ngā Rauemi mō ngā Horopaki Whakamahinga Noa
Take 1: Pūnaha matua o te hau Te Whetu o te Poungā
Ngā tikanga whakahaere: Te tere hurihuri teitei, te kawenga taimaha, te tīmatanga me te whakamutu pinepine.
Kōwhiringa rauemi: He maitai warowaihā (pēnei i te 18CrNiMo7-6) he mārō te mata, he pakari te uho, ā, he 40% te roa o te ātete ki te ngenge.
Take 2: Ngā Peera mō ngā Mīhini Kai
Ngā Whakaritenga: Ātete ki te waikura, ā, ngāwari ki te horoi.
Kōwhiringa rauemi: Kowiri tira (pērā i te 440C) uku rānei hei karo i te waikura me te poke.
Ngā Huanga o te Kōwhiringa Rauemi Hē
1. Kua tino poto te roa o te ora
Mā te nui rawa o ngā poke, te kore taurite rānei o te tohatoha o ngā warowaihā ka pakaru te ngenge, ka whakaitihia te roa o te whakamahinga mā te 30% ki te 50%.
2. Te hinganga ohorere
Ka pakaru ngā ira mā i te nui rawa o te hauwai, ā, ka pakaru ohorere te peera i te wā e whakamahia ana.
3. Te pikinga o ngā utu
Ka ngaro te wā mahi mēnā ka whakakapia pinepinetia ngā peera. Mēnā he rauemi hē e ātete ana ki te pāmahana teitei te mea i whiriwhiria, ka mura pea ngā taputapu.
Ngā Rauemi Whānui me ngā Horopaki e Pā Ana
Ngā āhuatanga o te karaehe me ngā āhuatanga tono o ngā momo rauemi
Ko te maitai GCr15 he peera ahumahi whānui, he pakeke, he ātete hoki ki te kakahu.
He ātete ki te pānga te maitai warowaihā 20Cr2Ni4A, ā, he whakapakeke te mata mō ngā waka tereina me ngā peera mira hurihuri.
Ngā taputapu kai me ngā matū ātete-waikura 440C/9Cr18
He miro uku Si3N4/ZrO2 ātete pāmahana teitei, he miro tere-iti te matotoru, ā-rangi
Kirihou hangarau PA66+GF30 whakahinuhinu-ake, taputapu whare iti-haruru, motuka iti
Mā roto i ngā rautaki whiriwhiri rauemi pūnaha me ngā tohutoro paerewa, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā peera, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i ngā utu. Mena kei te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu ki ngā taipitopito hangarau, ki te hiahia rānei koe ki te ako atu mō ngā otinga pūnaha peera, tēnā whakapā mai.