Ukukhetha kanye nokuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kwezinto zokuthwala
Emishinini yomshini, amabheringi, njengenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile, ukukhethwa kwezinto kunquma ngqo ukusebenza, impilo yesevisi kanye nokuthembeka kwamabheringi. Izinto ezivamile zokuthwala zihlanganisa insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu, insimbi ye-alloy, insimbi engagqwali kanye ne-ceramics, njll. Ukusebenza, izinzuzo kanye nokubi, kanye nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinto ngazinye kuhlukile. Lapho ukhetha izinto zokuthwala, kunezinto eziningi okudingeka zicatshangelwe, njengokuqina, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zokushisa. Lesi sihloko sizokwenza ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwezici zokusebenza kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokuthwala futhi sihlole isisekelo sokukhethwa kwazo ezisetshenzisweni ezahlukene.
Izinto zokuthwala insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu
1. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo
Insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu (njenge-AISI 52100) ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu zokuthwala, enobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ngokuvamile ithuthukisa ubulukhuni kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka ngokwelashwa ngokushisa (njengokucima kanye nokushisa). Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu kuphakeme kakhulu, ngokuvamile kusuka ku-0.95% kuya ku-1.05%.
2. Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza
Ubulukhuni: Ngemva kokwelashwa kokucima, ubulukhuni be-carbon ephezulu Amabheringi Ensimbi ingafinyelela ku-HRC60-65, inokumelana okunamandla kokucindezela kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokuguguleka.
Ukumelana nokuguguleka: Insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu inokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo ophakathi nendawo kanye nesivinini esiphansi.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engagqwali nezinto zobumba, insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu inokumelana nokugqwala okuphansi futhi ithambekele ekugqwaleni ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezigqwalayo.
3. Ububanzi besicelo
Ama-bearings ensimbi anekhabhoni ephezulu asetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yemishini enemithwalo ephansi kuya kwephakathi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho kudingeka khona ubulukhuni obukhulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka, njengasezinjini zikagesi, ezimotweni nasemishinini yezimboni.
Izinto Zokuthwala Insimbi Ye-alloy
1. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo
Izinto zokuthwala insimbi ye-alloy zivame ukubhekisela ekufakweni kwezinto zokuhlanganisa (njenge-chromium, i-molybdenum, i-vanadium, njll.) ensimbini enekhabhoni ephezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza. Izinto zokuthwala insimbi ye-alloy ezivamile zifaka i-AISI 8620, i-AISI 4320, njll.
2. Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza
Ukuqina: Ama-bearings ensimbi e-alloy angafinyelela ubulukhuni obuphezulu ngokwelashwa ngokushisa, ngokuvamile kusukela ku-HRC55 kuya ku-62, futhi anokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka.
Ukumelana nokuguguleka: Izinto ezixubayo (njenge-chromium) zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana nokuguguleka kwezinto, okwenza zifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu nezisheshayo.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi ye-alloy kuthuthukisiwe, kodwa izici zemvelo kusadingeka zicatshangelwe. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama onamandla noma ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali, kungadingeka isivikelo esengeziwe.
3. Ububanzi besicelo
Ama-bearings ensimbi e-alloy asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni, ezindiza, emishinini esindayo kanye nasemishinini ethwala umthwalo omningi, futhi afaneleka kakhulu ezimweni zokusebenza ezithwala umthwalo omningi, ezisheshayo nezinde.
Izinto zokuthwala zensimbi engagqwali
1. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo
Izinto zokuthwala insimbi engagqwali zinokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala. Izinto ezivamile zensimbi engagqwali zifaka phakathi i-AISI 440C, i-AISI 304, njll. I-AISI 440C iyinsimbi engagqwali enokuqina okuphezulu esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizaUkuthwala Indandathofuthi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinzima.
2. Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza
Ubulukhuni: Ubulukhuni be-AISI 440C bearings yensimbi engagqwali bungafinyelela ku-HRC58-62. Nakuba buphansi kunobensimbi ye-alloy, busabonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezigqwala kakhulu.
Ukumelana nokuguguleka: Nakuba ukumelana nokuguguleka kwensimbi engagqwali kungekuhle njengokwensimbi ye-alloy kanye ne-ceramics, kwanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi endaweni enomswakama.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Inzuzo enkulu yensimbi engagqwali ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi efanelekile emanzini olwandle, ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali noma ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.
3. Ububanzi besicelo
Amabheringi ensimbi engagqwali afaneleka ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezindawo ezihlanzekile, njengokucubungula ukudla, imishini yezokwelapha, ubunjiniyela bemikhumbi, njll.
Izinto Zokuthwala Ze-Ceramic
1. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo
Amabheringi e-Ceramic (njenge-silicon nitride kanye ne-alumina) ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinto zobumba futhi zinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezici zokungqubuzana eziphansi. Ama-bearings e-ceramic asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu.
2. Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza
Ubulukhuni: Ubulukhuni bezinto zobumba buphakeme kakhulu, ngokuvamile bufinyelela ngaphezu kwe-HRC80, okwenza zifanelekele izimo zokusebenza ezithwala umthwalo omningi kanye nesikhathi eside.
Ukumelana nokuguguleka: Ukumelana nokuguguleka kwamabheringi e-ceramic kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwezinto zensimbi, okwenza zifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokungqubuzana ezinokushisa okuphezulu nezomile.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Amabheringi e-ceramic anokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala futhi angasebenza isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezifanele izindawo ezinoketshezi namagesi agqwalayo.
Ukungqubuzana okuphansi: Ama-ceramic bearings ane-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokungqubuzana futhi afanele imishini yokusebenza esheshayo.
3. Ububanzi besicelo
Ama-ceramic bearings asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinjinini ezinesivinini esikhulu, imishini yezokwelapha, izindiza, izimo zokusebenza ezinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, kanye nezimo ezimbi kakhulu ezidinga ukuntuleka kokuthambisa isikhathi eside.
Isifinyezo Sokukhethwa Kwezinto Zokuthwala
Ama-bearings enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene anezinzuzo zawo kanye nemikhawulo yawo ezimweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa. Ukukhetha kahle izinto zokuthwala kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwemishini yemishini. Nazi ezinye zezimiso ezivamile zokukhetha izinto:
Insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu: Ifanele imithwalo ephakathi nendawo nephansi kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezidinga ubulukhuni obukhulu.
Insimbi ye-alloy: Ifanele imishini enomthwalo omkhulu, isivinini esikhulu kanye nokusebenza isikhathi eside, futhi inokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu kanye namandla.
Insimbi engagqwali: Ifanele imishini edinga ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, njengokucubungula ukudla kanye nokucubungula amakhemikhali.
Izinto zobumba: Zifanelekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezisheshayo, ezishisa kakhulu nezingenawo amafutha, njengezindiza, izinsimbi zokunemba, njll.
Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kanye nezinhlobo zamabherethi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yemishini nokunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuthwala kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yemishini. Ngemva kokuqonda izici zokusebenza kwezinto ezahlukene, singakhetha izinto zokuthwala ezifanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokusebenza kahle kwemishini ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Ngokukhetha okunengqondo, ukuklama nokulungisa, amabheringi angasebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene, kusize imishini yezimboni isebenze isikhathi eside futhi ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.
