Imiterere y'uruziga rw'umurambararo

Umuzenguruko w'imirasire Ibyuma Bisanzwe ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu bikorwa bitandukanye by'inganda, bitanga inkunga yo guhindukira ku migozi izenguruka n'ibindi bice bigenda. Iyi migozi yagenewe gutwara imizigo ihindagurika, iy'axial cyangwa iy'imizigo ihuriweho, ikoreshwa cyane mu mashini, sisitemu z'imodoka n'ibikoresho byo mu kirere. Gusobanukirwa ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'imigozi ihindagurika ni ingenzi mu guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bw'ikoreshwa runaka no kwemeza imikorere myiza n'igihe cyiza cyo kuyikoresha.

Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'imirongo ngenderwaho ya radial

Imiterere y’ingufu isanzwe ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro hashingiwe ku bintu byinshi by’ingenzi, harimo imiterere yayo, ibikoresho byayo n’imiterere y’imikorere yayo. Mu gusobanukirwa ibi byiciro, injeniyeri n’inzobere mu kubungabunga bashobora gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza mu guhitamo imiterere y’ingufu ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.

1. Gushyira mu byiciro igishushanyo

Imiterere y'urukiramende isanzwe iraboneka mu buryo butandukanye kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa bitandukanye byo gutwara no kugenda. Imiterere ikunze kugaragara irimo ibi bikurikira:

- Icyuma kiri ku cyuma: Izi bearing zigizwe n'impeta y'imbere ifite ubuso bw'inyuma butoshye n'impeta y'inyuma ifite ubuso bw'inyuma butoshye, byombi bikozwe mu cyuma gikomeye. Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo bukomeye kandi bishobora kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye ya radial n'ingufu.

- Icyuma cya Bronze: Muri ubu buryo, impeta y'imbere ikozwe mu cyuma gikomeye, mu gihe impeta y'inyuma iriho urwego rwa bronze. Ubu buryo butanga ubushobozi bwo kudashira neza kandi bukwiriye gukoreshwa mu buremere buringaniye no mu ngendo zihindagurika.

- Icyuma-PTFE: Impeta y'imbere y'izi bearing ikozwe mu cyuma gikomeye kandi impeta y'inyuma iriho PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). Itanga imbaraga nke, ntizikore neza kandi zikwiriye gukoreshwa aho amavuta agoranye cyangwa adakora neza.

- Icyuma-PTFE: Kimwe n'imiterere ivanze, izi bearing zifite impeta y'imbere ikozwe mu cyuma gikomeye n'impeta y'inyuma iriho umwenda wa PTFE. Zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo myinshi kandi zikwiriye gukoreshwa mu mitwaro iremereye kandi zigakoresha amavuta make.

2. Gushyira mu byiciro ibikoresho

Imiterere y'urukiramende isanzwe iboneka mu buryo butandukanye bwo guhuza ibikoresho kugira ngo ihuze n'imiterere itandukanye y'imikorere n'ibidukikije. Guhitamo ibikoresho bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'urukiramende n'igihe rumara. Ibyiciro bisanzwe by'ibikoresho birimo:

- Icyuma: Ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma bikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo bikomere kandi birambe.Ibyuma by'ibyuma birakwiriye gukoreshwa mu mirimo iremereye kandi ikorerwa mu buryo bugoye.

- PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene): Ibyuma bifite PTFE composite cyangwa PTFE bigabanya ubukana, bitanga ubushobozi bwo kwisiga kandi birwanya ingese no kwangirika. Ibi bikoresho ni byiza cyane ku bikoresho bisaba ko bikoreshwa nta gusukurwa kandi bimara igihe kirekire.

- Umuringa: Ibyuma bifite umuringa bifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza kandi bishobora kwihanganira imitwaro iringaniye n'ingendo zihindagurika. Bikwiriye gukoreshwa bisaba ubushobozi bwo kwangirika buringaniye no kudashira.

3. Gushyira mu byiciro imikorere

Ibyuma bito bito bitanga umurambararo nabyo bishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere yabyo, harimo ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo, ubushobozi bwo kutubahiriza neza imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'urugero rw'ubushyuhe mu mikorere. Ibi byiciro by'imikorere bifasha mu guhitamo ibyuma bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye:

- Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo: Ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gutwara imizigo bwa radial na axial bwa bearing bugena uburyo bukwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Bearing nziza zishobora kwihanganira imizigo iremereye n'imizigo idahuye n'igihe.

- Ubushobozi bwo Kutagena Imiterere: Hari amabati amwe yagenewe kwakira imiterere idahuye hagati y’umugozi n’aho utuye, bigatuma habaho gukora neza ndetse no mu bikorwa birimo inzira cyangwa imiterere idahuye.

- Ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere: Ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe ntarengwa n'ubushyuhe buke bw'imikorere, bigamije imikorere yizewe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.

Gukoresha imiyoboro y'urukiramende ikoresha radial

Ibyuma binini bya radial plain bearings bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye n'ibikoresho, harimo:

- Imashini: Izi mashini zikoreshwa mu mashini zitandukanye nko mu bikoresho by'ubuhinzi, mu mashini z'ubwubatsi no mu nganda kugira ngo zishyigikire imiyoboro izunguruka n'ibice byimuka.

- Sisitemu z'imodoka: Imiterere y'imodoka ifite umurambararo wa radial ni ingenzi mu miterere y'imodoka, imiyoboro y'ubuyobozi n'izindi porogaramu z'ingenzi zikoreshwa mu modoka.

- Ibikoresho byo mu kirere: Izi mbeba zikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo kugwa kw'indege, sisitemu zo kugenzura indege n'ibindi bikoresho byo mu kirere aho imikorere myiza n'ubwizerwe ari ingenzi cyane.

(1) GE... Ubwoko bwa E: impeta imwe y'inyuma ifite umugozi umwe, nta mwobo w'amavuta yo kwisiga. Ishobora kwihanganira imizigo ya radial n'imizigo mito ya axial mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

(2) GE... Ubwoko bwa ES: impeta imwe y'inyuma ifite umugozi w'amavuta yo kwisiga. Ishobora kwihanganira imizigo ya radial n'imizigo mito ya axial mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

(3) GE... ES-2RS, GEEW... Icyitegererezo ES-2RS: Impeta imwe y'inyuma ifite umugozi w'amavuta yo kwisiga n'impeta yo gufunga ku mpande zombi. Ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya radial n'imitwaro mito yo mu ruhande rumwe.

(4) GE... Ubwoko bwa ESN: impeta y'inyuma ifite umugozi umwe, GE... Ubwoko bwa XSN: impeta y'inyuma ifite imiturirwa ibiri (impeta y'inyuma icitsemo ibice), ifite umuyoboro w'amavuta yo kwisiga, impeta y'inyuma ifite umuyoboro wo guhagarara. Ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya radial n'imitwaro mito yo guhagarara mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose. Ariko, iyo umutwaro wo guhagarara utwarwa n'impeta yo guhagarara, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira umutwaro wo guhagarara buragabanuka.

(5) GE... Ubwoko bwa HS: impeta y'imbere ifite umuyoboro w'amavuta yo kwisiga, impeta y'inyuma ifite kabiri n'igice, aho icyuho gishobora guhindurwa nyuma yo kwangirika. Ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya radial n'imitwaro mito yo mu ruhande rumwe mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

(6) GE... Ubwoko bwa DE1: Impeta y'imbere ni icyuma gikomeye gifata, naho impeta y'inyuma ni icyuma gifata. Impeta y'imbere irasohoka mu gihe cyo guteranya, ifite umuyoboro w'amavuta yo kwisiga n'umwobo w'amavuta. Ifite umurambararo w'imbere uri munsi ya mm 15, nta mwobo w'amavuta yo kwisiga n'umwobo w'amavuta. Ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya radial n'imitwaro mito yo mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

(7) GE... Ubwoko bwa DEM1: Impeta y'imbere ni icyuma gikomeye kandi impeta y'inyuma ni icyuma gifata. Impeta y'imbere irasohoka mu gihe cyo guteranya. Nyuma y'uko icyuma gishyirwa mu ntebe y'icyuma gifatanya, umuyoboro w'impeta ushyirwa hanze ku mpeta y'inyuma kugira ngo icyuma gifatane. Ishobora kwihanganira imizigo ya radial n'imizigo mito ya axial mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose.

(8) GE... Ubwoko bwa DS: Impeta yo hanze ifite umuyoboro w’inkuta n’umuyoboro w’amavuta. Ifite uburebure bunini. Ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya radial n’imitwaro mito ya axial mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose (uruhande rumwe rw’umuyoboro w’inkuta ntirushobora kwihanganira imitwaro ya axial).

Muri make, gushyira mu byiciro imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite imirasire ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo dusobanukirwe imiterere yayo, ibikoresho byayo n’imiterere y’imikorere yayo. Mu gusuzuma izi nzego, injeniyeri n’inzobere mu kubungabunga bashobora guhitamo imiyoboro ikwiye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye, bakareba ko imikorere myiza, iramba kandi yizewe. Byaba bishyigikira imitwaro iremereye mu mashini z’inganda cyangwa bigatanga imikorere myiza mu modoka n’indege, imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite imirasire ifite uruhare runini mu bikorwa bitandukanye, bigatuma iba ingenzi mu buhanga n’ikoranabuhanga.